This is the exact reason why I absolutely refuse to use debit at a restaurant. The card is out of sight while they run it so anything can happen. I always will use cash or credit any time someone needs to physically walk away with my card. I look at it this way, if they take the cc number I just don't pay while it
being investigated but if they hit your bank account your screwed until they straighten out the matter. Should be easy to find whoever took your card by seeing where the items they purchased were shipped.
What's weird is when my cards were compromised in the past and friends of mine credit cards were compromised they always had charges at a Walmart. I guess that store does truly in fact attract the scum of the earth.
Good luck I hope they get you squared away quick.